""Things Reversed" " Lot no. 3656
By Edward Kemble (1861 - 1933)
1892 (Estimated)
9.50" x 7.50"
Pen and Ink on Paper
Signed Lower RIght
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In 1884, the burgeoning talent of Edward Windsor Kemble, a young illustrator working for the New York humor magazine Life, took a significant turn when Mark Twain selected him to illustrate Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Kemble himself reflected in a 1930 essay that his depictions of Jim marked a pivotal point in his artistic career. The positive reception of his African American characters by magazine editors, Southern writers, and the wider American contemporary reading public quickly established his reputation in this area. By the time this illustration was produced in 1892, Kemble was already widely recognized for his distinctive portrayals of African Americans.
The full caption reads:
“Things Reversed
Crawford: ‘In the name of Jove, what are you doing, Amos?’
Amos: ‘Angel’s wings! I’m pow’ful glad you cum back, Marse Gawge. Took a peep in dat ar little glass wats under de clof, ’n I reckoned I’d jess fix m’seff fo’ de picture. Cahn’t stan’ it much longer, ‘deed I cahn’t.'”
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ABOUT THE ARTIST
At a young age, Edward W. Kemble (1861-1933) was sent to Philadelphia for boarding school. Although he had an affinity for drawing, he chose to become an accountant for Western Union after graduation, a job that paid him $10 a week. He maintained drawing as a hobby until 1880, when, at the urging of a friend, Kemble sent his cartoons to Harper’s Bazaar. To his surprise, the journal offered him $70 for four cartoons. He immediately quit his job to become a full-time contributor.
Kemble found himself in the perfect place for such a career, as Philadelphia at this time was a creative mecca, brimming with artistic output. But it was not long before the artist followed his career to New York, where, like many others looking to progress their abilities, he became a political cartoonist for the New York Graphic by day, and a student at The Art Students League by night.
In his career, Kemble contributed to Life magazine in 1883 (its founding), Collier’s Weekly (1903 to 1907, then again through the 1910s), Harper’s Weekly (1907 to 1912), Leslie’s Weekly, Puck, and Judge. He also produced images for advertising.
Kemble also completed cartoons for the conglomerate, Hearst newspaper, which offered growth opportunities for the artist. Because of its massive size, the company allowed more artistic freedom and, because of its and profitable nature, the luxury of running its illustrations in color.
After some commercial success, Kemble began illustrating for books. Huckleberry Finn was to be Kemble’s first book and his biggest success. Mark Twain requested Kemble personally, and the drawings he produced are what Kemble is now most known for. There are approximately 175 illustrations in Huckleberry Finn, for which he was paid a sum of $2,000.
Kemble illustrated other bestsellers, including Twain’s Puddin’ Head Wilson, Washington Irving's Knickerbocker History of New York, and Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin (original 1853 illustrations by Hammatt Billings). Like Arthur B. Frost, Kemble completed a number of illustrations for Joel Chandler Harris’ Uncle Remus stories.
Kemble’s representation of black southern culture alternates between presenting them with either “great empathy or with the most outrageous of stereotypes.” At the time, the American readership appreciated these seemingly humanistic approaches to replicating black rural America. Kemble was even considered a “specialist” in “negro drawings,” which became the reason for his commission to illustrate Uncle Tom’s Cabin. Today, his African American imagery is problematic for its recollection, perpetuation, and promotion of a number of harmful stereotypes like the “pickaninny,” “mammy,” and “Uncle Tom” caricatures.
Edward Kemble is appreciated today for his pioneering illustration style that lent itself as a major contribution to what would become the American comic book style. The Society of Illustrators recognized him most recently for his work in 2007, when he was inducted into their Hall of Fame.